Suggestions
What we improved or MAY NOT improved
Alireza Tahmasebi’s Peer Review
Suggestions
What we improved or MAY NOT improved
Suggestions
What we improved or MAY NOT improved
Suggestions
What we improved or MAY NOT improved
Our group’s plan is inclusive of most learners to participate in the study, from the text, video and music in the video interpretation and action in the video demonstration of letters, either special or ordinary students we are all equally, try to meet our designers wish is that all students can learn knowledge from our interactive learning resource. Special learners, such as those who are colour blindness or have limited mobility, can still access more information through our project and learn knowledge from this topic. One is that the existence of text and video subtitles will not interfere with their learning progress, and the other is that the existence of the internet enables learners with mobility difficulties to study at home. Additionally, the main purpose of using different colours in our project is only to highlight the key words and sentences; therefore, for learners who are colour blindness, the use of different colours will not cause their failure of learning.
Also, no matter students are good at presentation or shy and introverted, they can express themselves freely through Google Group. Our group members all agreed that communicating with others after learning is more conducive to realizing what they have learned and listening to more opinions, because sometimes a person’s cognition is not as diverse as that of a group of people, and new sparks may be generated when talking with others. In particular, the after-class formative assessment and active designed by us can gather the minds of learners around the world, consolidate what they have learned, exchange their new findings and perhaps spark new thinking.
Additionally, our group made several online discussions with Google Groups and online quizzes with Google Forms in order to encourage learners to participate in after-class quizzes and express their opinions generously. No matter what you see in pictures, what you extract from words, or what you get from videos and music, all of them will become the learners’ own experience and knowledge, which is also the wish of our group when designing this interactive learning resource.
Brief Commentary
Tea has the same connotation for Chinese as coffee does for Westerners, according to new research. In China, however, tea is not simply a beverage, but also a symbol of energy, civilization, and art. (Tea Ceremony-Symbol of Chinese Tea Culture, n.d.-b). Tea has been a part of Chinese culture for centuries, and the Chinese believe that the tea ceremony promotes friendship, improves morality, and refreshes the mind. It has not only been woven into the daily lives of the Chinese people for thousands of years, but it was also invented by the Chinese people (Mayer et al., 2019).
The tea ceremony in China dates back to the Tang Dynasty and may be traced back to that time period (618-907). The bride’s family would carry tea as part of the bride’s dowry in ancient times to symbolise her devotion to her future spouse.
Learning Outcome(s):
After learning from this sub-topic, students will be able to…
The New meaning of Chinese Tea Ceremony
However, in recent years, the tea ceremony, which is frequently held at weddings, has given tea a whole new meaning. On the wedding day, the tea ceremony is quite traditional. The groom and bride send tea to their parents and grandparents first, and then the elders would drink tea to represent their acceptance the new couples into their family (Everything you need to know about the Chinese tea Ceremony, 2021).
The tea ceremony has been practiced in China since the Tang Dynasty, and its origins may be traced back to that time period (618-907). Tea from the bride’s family was once given in her dowry as a symbol of the woman’s (Everything) devotion to her future husband.
The benefits when you drink Tea
There are so many benefits to drinking tea. For example, tea can refresh your mind, remove heat from your body, reduce calories and clear your stomach (Jiang, 2021).
When you incorporate drinking tea into your daily routine, it has huge health benefits:
Learn the Youtube video about âhow to play Chinese Tea Ceremony with Oolong teaâ.
Interactive Activities
Online Discussion
References
Everything You Need to Know About the Chinese Tea Ceremony. (2021, July 24). Brides.https://www.brides.com/chinese-tea-ceremony-5078037#the-history-and-meaning-of-the-tea-ceremony.
How to play Chinese Tea Ceremony with Oolong tea? äčéŸè¶éè±ææŒç€ș. (2013, October 30). [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5DYx20BkcGo
Jiang, F. (2021, October 2). Chinese Tea, Discover Chinese Tea Culture and History. China Highlights – Since 1998! https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/chinese-tea/
Tea Ceremony-Symbol of Chinese Tea Culture. (n.d.). Chinese Tea Culture—Tea Ceremony. Retrieved October 10, 2021, from http://www.ichineselearning.com/chinese-culture/chinese-tea-culture.html.
Chinese Tea House. (n.d.). Chinese Tea House. https://www.chinatravel.com/culture/chinese-tea/tea-house
Cognitivism evolved from behaviorist learning theory, which refers to the processing of information received from the outside, knowledge into one’s own knowledge (Ertmer & Newby, 2013). Learning Chinese tea culture is built on the basis of cognitivism, which stands for the learner reprocessing and reorganizing the knowledge being taught for the purpose of learning.
Chinese tea culture is a very broad subject of knowledge, which contains a lot of historical and geographical information. Students being taught this course need to have their own knowledge of the subject matter, to understand and rework the knowledge being taught in order to truly understand and absorb Chinese tea culture. According to the meaning of cognitivism, it is the most suitable for the construction of learning Chinese tea culture. Cognitivism will help students better understand and appreciate the significance of learning about Chinese tea culture.
Reference
Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (2013). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 26(2), 43-71.
Experiential learning is the most powerful and natural form of learning. You will gain reflection on experience. For example, age one baby learn many new skills through painful experiential learning, they tried to walk and fail, and when they tried to stand up again, the young baby finally learns how to walk through a repeated way to doing. The benefit of experiential learning is people will learn more quickly and retain more information when they are doing something. As Sir Richard Branson says, âYou donât learn to walk by following rules. You learn by doing, and by fall over.â(Richard Branson 26 October2014)
Experiential learning is the major type of learning design we use. Our students are introduced to Chinese tea culture through many fun paragraphs or videos. Students are also given some discussion questions to discuss with friends or family. This engages their individual thinking skills, and we also want to see the students’ writing skills. Therefore, we need students to write a blog page on Chinese tea. This gives us insight into how many students learned after watching the video.
References
Why is experiential learning important?
https://www.easchooltours.com/blog/experiential-learning-learn-through-experience
Experiential learning: learning by doing (2)
3.6 Experiential learning: learning by doing (2) â Teaching in a Digital Age (opentextbc.ca)
What Is Experiential Learning?
Brief Commentary
The common tea plant, Camellia Sinensis, produces a beverage called tea by steeping its leaves, twigs, or buds in hot water for 1 to 5 minutes.
Tea’s color is determined by its fermentation. White tea has the least fermentation. Black tea has the most fermentation. The fermentation process stops once the tea leaves have been fully dried. This is how the tea leaves retain their color (white, green, black) after drying.
Many people are aware today that tea has many health benefits (especially green tea). It is true that green tea was hardly available in grocery stores, convenience stores, and restaurants two years ago. Today, you can find it everywhere. Fast food restaurants serve it as well.
Learning Outcomes
After learning from this sub-topic, students will be able toâŠ
Regular tea consumption has many benefits
The effects of tea on body composition
Tea and cardiovascular health
Tea and cancer
Understanding Tea-Video
Interactive Activities
Online Discussion
Website: https://groups.google.com/g/topic-2-teas-nutritional-value/c/BIyXHFNA6Is
Formative Assessment
Blog
Blog on Google Doc
This assignment requires the student to write a blog on tea and body health based on a video and some blogs. This blog needs to be 300 words long in order to assess your knowledge of tea and what you believe about tea and coffee.
Website: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xN4w2RUpc6hKVgnt7Ap1M3_281hWf6jFeFQSEXVbLdQ/edit
References
What you should know about tea
By Ryan Andrews, MS, MA, RD, RYT, CSCS
https://www.precisionnutrition.com/what-you-should-know-about-tea
The Hidden Health Benefits of Tea
https://www.pennmedicine.org/updates/blogs/health-and-wellness/2019/december/health-benefits-of-tea
According to the web article, “Insect Tea, A Wonderful Work in the Chinese Tea Culture”, the authors described “insect tea, listed in the ‘Compendium of Materia Medica’ by Li Shizhen, is not only a traditional drink for the ethnic minority in the southwest China, but also one of China’s traditional export commodities. Insect tea is made of the feces of insects that feed on plants, and characterized by minimal dose, enjoyable tea flavour, few tea residues, and superb transparency” (Li, Pan, et. al., 2013).
For your summative assessment, work in a small group (3-5 people ideally), explore sources from the web about this special type of Chinese tea, and use what you have learned from this online project to answer the following questions:
This assignment is worth 50% of your final grade. In the following is the requirements of the assignment:
There are multiple online tools you might want to use and organize your group project. Options include Google Docs, Google Slides, or another medium that you find more appropriate. The important thing is that this assignment is easy to access and use for a group work and every person in your group can edit together. After completing this assignment, please reply to this post to share the link or email me your link.
Reference
XU, L., PAN, H., LEI, Q., XIAO, W., PENG, Y., & XIAO, P. (2013). Insect tea, a wonderful work in the chinese tea culture: TEA â FROM BUSHES TO MUGS:COMPOSITION, STABILITY AND HEALTH ASPECTS. Food Research International, 53(2), 629-635.
Individuals will be able to expand their knowledge of Chinese tea culture.
After participating in and learning from this project, students will be able toâŠ
Brief Commentary
Tea is found throughout China, with different regions having tea plantations and industries. Through the gradual development of the tea industry, more and more diverse teas have been invented, including different ways of using tea leaves. Chinese tea culture is divided into six main categories: green tea, black tea, white tea, oolong tea, yellow tea, and dark tea (Liu, 2012). These types of tea are the mainstream, and there are more detailed categories below these types. The difference between these types may be classified according to the type of tea, the process used to make the tea, etc.
Learning outcomes:
The main types of tea in China & The produce process
Green tea: Accounting for 75% of tea production is green tea, which is also the most widely consumed beverage by Chinese people (Jian, Xie, &Lee, 2003). Green tea is mainly manufactured from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis tree, and its manufacture also requires a hot and humid climate (Shi &Schlegel, 2012). âTwo leaves and one budâ is the key collection method for green tea (Shi &Schlegel, 2012). The process of producing green tea preserves many compounds that are relevant to human health, which distinguishes green tea from black and oolong teas (Shi &Schlegel, 2012).
Black tea: Yunnan Province mainly produces black tea, which is also a very well-known and traditional tea drink (Oi et al., 2011). Post-fermented tea is the main classification of Chinese black tea, and it is called black tea because of the dark brown color of the liquid after it has been steeped (Oi et al., 2011). However, there is a big difference between Chinese black tea and foreign black tea, which is an oxidized tea (Oi et al., 2011). Dried green tea leaves are the main raw material for Chinese black tea (Oi et al., 2011).
White tea: The southeast coast of China is the origin of white tea, which is mainly produced here, and it maintains the natural characteristics of white tea with minimal processing (Tan et al., 2017). White tea is made only through withering and drying; it is not fermented during the production process like other teas (Tan et al., 2017). According to the seasonality of growth, white tea is divided into three grades Tan et al., 2017).
Oolong tea: Oolong tea tastes different from green tea black tea, like something in between (Zeng et al., 2020). The special fruity and floral aroma is what makes oolong tea famous (Zeng et al., 2020). Dehydration and bruising are the reasons for the unique manufacturing techniques that give oolong tea a stronger and more refreshing flavor (Zeng et al., 2020).
Yellow tea: Yellow tea is mainly distributed in Sichuan, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Guizhou provinces in China (Xu et al., 2018). In the middle of the Tang Dynasty from 618 to 907 AD, yellow tea was discovered, and it was also the second tea discovered after green tea (Xu et al., 2018). âSealed yellowingâ is the step in the processing of yellow tea that is different from other teas (Xu et al., 2018). This special step causes a significant change in the composition of yellow tea, resulting in a taste that is different from other teas (Xu et al., 2018).
Dark tea: âThe major types of Chinese dark tea are Puâer tea in Yunnan, Liubao tea in Guangxi, Kangzhuan tea (i.e., Tibetan tea) in Sichuan, Anhua dark tea in Hunan, Qingzhuan tea in Hubei, and Fuzhuan tea in Shannxi (Ye et al., 2020).â Pu-erh tea is the most famous among these types (Ye et al., 2020). As early as the Tang Dynasty black tea was invented and exported in large quantities (Ye et al., 2020).
Interactive activities
Think and discuss the following questions: Do different kinds of tea bring the same benefits to human health? Why or why not? Why do you think different regions grow different kinds of tea?
https://groups.google.com/g/tea-types/c/hz5q9LUykno
Formative assessment
Here is a quiz on the types of tea in China. This quiz is to be completed by the students and it contains multiple choice and short answer questions about the type of tea and will be in a scoring format.
https://forms.gle/MHDoc47YkQhJ7LuXA
References
Jian, L., Xie, L. P., Lee, A. H., & Binns, C. W. (2004). Protective effect of green tea against prostate cancer: a caseâcontrol study in southeast China. International journal of cancer, 108(1), 130-135.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ijc.11550
Liu, T. (2012). Chinese tea. Cambridge University Press.
Oi, Y., Hou, I. C., Fujita, H., & Yazawa, K. (2012). Antiobesity effects of Chinese black tea (puâerh tea) extract and gallic acid. Phytotherapy Research, 26(4), 475-481.
https://europepmc.org/article/med/22508359
Shi, Q. Y., & Schlegel, V. (2012). Green tea as an agricultural based health promoting food: the past five to ten years. Agriculture, 2(4), 393-413.
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/2/4/393
Tan, J., Engelhardt, U. H., Lin, Z., Kaiser, N., & Maiwald, B. (2017). Flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids and theanine in different types of authentic Chinese white tea samples. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 57, 8-15.
htps://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201800106123
Xu, J., Wang, M., Zhao, J., Wang, Y. H., Tang, Q., & Khan, I. A. (2018). Yellow tea (Camellia sinensis L.), a promising Chinese tea: Processing, chemical constituents and health benefits. Food Research International, 107, 567-577.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29580521/
Ye, Z., Wang, X., Fu, R., Yan, H., Han, S., Gerelt, K., … & Zhou, Y. (2020). Determination of six groups of mycotoxins in Chinese dark tea and the associated risk assessment. Environmental Pollution, 261, 114180.
https://europepmc.org/article/med/32088438
Zeng, L., Zhou, X., Su, X., & Yang, Z. (2020). Chinese oolong tea: An aromatic beverage produced under multiple stresses. Trends in Food Science & Technology.
Brief Commentary
Tea is an important and meaningful part of Chinese tradition and culture. As Chinese society developed, the production of tea has played a role in driving economic development while the consumption of tea has remained a practice of daily life (Jiang, 2021). However, when was tea discovered? How did Chinese tea evolve? Why it is so important in Chinese culture? In this sub-topic, it will focus mainly on talking about the three questions.
In the end of this sub-topic, both the interactive activity (i.e. online discussion) and the assessment (i.e. online quiz) are provided.
Learning Outcomes
Individuals will be able to expand their knowledge of Chinese tea culture.
After learning from the first sub-topic, learners will be able toâŠ
The Origins of Chinese Tea
The origin of the use of tea as a beverage is unclear, although references to tea in Chinese literature can go back approximately 5,000 years (Parkinson, 2019). As a result of the biological, ethnic and cultural diversity of China, the origin of tea is highly diverse as well. Tea has been documented in Chinese ancient literature inconsistently. According to the article, âInsect Tea, A Wonderful Work in the Chinese Tea Cultureâ, the authors used two examples to explain the inconsistent descriptions of tea in Chinese ancient literature. For example, âit is clearly indicated that tea was a sweet-tasting plant in the âOdesâ, while tea was indicated as a bitter-tasting plant in the âEyraââ (Xu, Pan, et.al., 2013).
Although there are many Chinese literary writings about tea, it is still hard for historians to exactly pinpoint when it was exactly discovered. From the article, âHistory of Tea in China & How it Spread Across the Worldâ, the author described that âin 1978, Archeologists surprisingly found tea relics in the Tianluo mountains that were estimated to be 7,000 years oldâ(2015). Then, after a decade of research, the Archeologists published in 2015 that âthese roots are about 6,000 years oldâ (2015). âThis confirmed it must have been the Hemudu culture, flourishing in 7,000 BC and 6,000 BC, that started cultivating and brewing teaâ(2015).
The Evolution of Tea in China
From the web article, âChinese Tea Cultureâ, Li clearly describes the history and evolution of tea in China (Li, 1993):
Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the whole world. It is ranked at âa level of being the second nonalcoholic drink after that of water (Qin, Pang, et. al., 2013).
The YouTube video below provides a brief introduction about the history of tea.
The Importance of Tea in Chinese Culture
In the past several thousand years, âextensive knowledge has been accumulated in China on tea cultivation, production and consumption, which forms the unique Chinese tea cultureâ (Xu, Pan, et. al., 2013). Chinese tea culture developed rapidly during the Tang dynasty and has infiltrated Chinese society deeply since then (Xu, Pan, et. al., 2013). Additionally, a number of monographs were published during Tang and Song dynasties. One of the most renowned books on tea is Lu Yuâs. As Li stated, âthis book makes a comprehensive and systematic summary of the experiences in tea-growing, tea-processing and tea-drinking and therefore it regarded as the classical work on teaâ (Li, 1993). Therefore, it exerts tremendous influence on the development of Chinese tea culture.
Also, tea has an extremely close relationship to Chinese culture, and its study covers a wide field and has very rich content. As Li described in âChinese Tea Cultureâ, Chinese tea culture covers almost all realms of life, both physical and spiritual. âTea culture is a branch of learning that takes as its subject of study the relationship between tea-marketing and tea-drinking on the one hand and the various aspects of political, economic, and cultural life on the other as well as the influence they exert on each otherâ (Li, 1993). Therefore, tea plays a quite meaningful and important role in Chinese culture and traditions.
Interactive Activities
Online Discussion
Formative Assessment
Online Quiz
References
Jiang, F. (2021). Chinese Tea, Discover Chinese Tea Culture and History. Retrieved from: https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/chinese-tea/
History of Tea in China & How it Spread Across the World (2015). Retrieved from: https://www.teasenz.com/chinese-tea/tea-history.html
Parkinson, R. (2019). Ancient Chinese Tea History and Fascinating Facts. Retrieved from: https://www.thespruceeats.com/origins-of-chinese-tea-694325
Qin, Z., Pang, X., Chen, D., Cheng, H., Hu, X., & Wu, J. (2013). Evaluation of Chinese tea by the electronic nose and gas chromatographyâmass spectrometry: Correlation with sensory properties and classification according to grade level. Food Research International, 53(2), 864-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2013.02.005
Teng, S. (2017). The History of Tea. TED-Ed. YouTube. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LaLvVc1sS20&ab_channel=TED-Ed
Xiusong, L. (1993). Chinese tea culture. Journal of Popular Culture, 27(2), 75-90.
XU, L., PAN, H., LEI, Q., XIAO, W., PENG, Y., & XIAO, P. (2013). Insect tea, a wonderful work in the chinese tea culture: TEA – FROM BUSHES TO MUGS:COMPOSITION, STABILITY AND HEALTH ASPECTS. Food Research International, 53(2), 629-635.